Railway



(No Model.)

B. L. TAYLOR.

RAILWAY;

Patented Oct. 25, 1887.

NWPETERS. Phm-Limo m owr, Wnhin mm I) cv NITED STATES PATENT tries.

ENOCH LEYVIS TAYLOR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY.

SPECIFICATION" forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,993, dated October 25, 1387.

Application filed May 23, 1887. Serial No. 239,066. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ENOOH LEWIS TAYLOR, of the city and 'county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Railways, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to the construction of railways; and it consistsin certain improvements, all of which are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form part thereof.

The object of my invention is to form a railway-bed entirely of metal, with the exception of the stone ballast, when the latter is used. The rails are supported upon metallic chairs, which rest upon the ground or upon the ballast of the road, and are preferably held against lateral displacement by having one or more legs, which extend down into the said ballast. These chairs are connected from rail to rail by metallic cross-ties, whichare preferably arranged on end and so constructed as to clamp the rails to the chairs, thus dispensing with the use of spikes or bolts. 'The ties are also preferably so arranged with respect to the chairs that the latter are locked in position against spreading or lateral displacement with reference to the gage of the road-bed. By this means the gage of the road is maintained fixed,and cannotincrease or decrease atplaces, and the rails cannot work loose. The chairs are preferably made of stamped metal, steel being the most desirable, and are provided with suitable clamping jaws or projections, which may be integral or otherwise with the chair-body, and which, in conjunction with the cross-tie, act to clamp the rail in position and hold it firmly to the chair.

Another part of my invention has reference to the use of a metallic tie adapted to be re versed, and thereby made serviceable for a road which changes its rails from, say, sixtyfive pounds to one hundred pounds per yard, and yet maintain the same gage. This would enable a railway doing a fair business to first construct its road-bed with sixty-five-pound rails, and then as its businessincreased change its rails to eighty or one hundred pound rails without having to throw away its cross-ties. In addition to the foregoing, I form a chair,

such as herein set forth, of such a length that it will receive the ends of two adjacent rails,

which ends are clamped in line and to the chair by their respective cross-ties, the chair in this instancebeing simply, like two of the other chairs, united into an integral piece. \Vith this form of a clamp for the abutting rail ends the usual fish-plates could be dispensed with; but if the work was very heavy an inexpensive fish-plate connection could be used. The chair may be made of cast or rolled metal, iron or steel, and is formed with a downwardly-extending portion or support, the leg or legs of which support the upper or table portion upon which the rail directly or indirectly rests. This chair is adapted to preferably rest upon the earth foundation, and be held against lateral displacement by the stone, slag, or other ballast, which fits tightly in around the chair, its support, or legs'thereof. It is further provided with a vertical slot, into which the cro'sstie fits and rests, the end whereof extends under and beyond the rail resting upon said chair. If this chair be made like an inverted U, then the weight of the trains will cause the free ends of the down wardly-extending legs to enter the earth until the fiat portion of the chair presses directly upon the stone or material constituting the ballastof the road; and, further, if the legs are made at an angle to each other, spreading at the bottom, then the wedging action on the stone or other ballast will pack the same tightly under the chair and form a strong foundation. The lower edge of the tie under the eh air also becomes embedded in theballast and acts to resist any movement of the chair in the direction of the line of the rail which it supports.

The foregoing will give a general idea of the nature of my improvements sought to be elncidated in this application, the details thereof being more clearly pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a cross-section through a road-bed embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of my improved chairs and cross-tie, showing the rail in position. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of my improved chair and one end of the tie before being put together. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a double chair and tie with the upper part of the abut- ICO Lil

ting rail ends cut away. Fig. 5 is a crosssection through one rail and showing a modified form of chair and part of the tie. Fig. 6 is an elevation of one of the ties removed; and Fig. 7 is a view similar to one end of Fig; 1, showing the chair partly embedded in the earth and with the ballast tightly packed in between the legs thereof.

A are the rails.

B are the chairs, which are made flat on the top and provided with downwardly-extending supporting-legs b. The preferable form of the chair is shown in Fig. 3, in which it will be observed that it is made of stamped sheet metal (preferably steel) having the downwardly-extending legs I) b, the vertical slot 0 through the upper part and extending down part way in the legs I), and the clamping-lugsD D, arranged upon each side of the slot 0 and upon the upper surface. The legs I) may be slightly spread at theirlower parts, and, if desired, may be increased in length, as shown in Fig. 7, to offer a greater support against downward movement, and also to resist lateral displacement. In place of forming this chair of stamped metal,it may be cast, as indicated in Fig. 5, in which case itis desirable to connect the legs I) b by webs, one each side of the slot 0, the tie E being shown back of such a web in this figure. In this case the particular shape ofthelegs bis not of so much importance, as an increased bearing-surface might be obtained by providing an extended base- 1 plate, ba construction which might also be applied to the stamped-metal chair, but hardly with the same economy. In place of forming the lugs D integral with'the chair, they may be bolted on by bolts d, as shown in Fig. 5. The rails A rest upon said chairs and have their inner flanges drawn in under the said lugs D, to hold them down upon the chairs.

E are the cross-ties, and are made of flat stamped bars of iron or steel, and have their ends notched, as at e, with the overhanging projections F. The rails fit down into the notches e, and the projections F fit over the outer flanges of the rail and thereby hold the rails from spreading. The rails fitting down into the notches e insures the gage remaining absolutely the same and facilitates the construction of the road, as no special test is required for the gage. The ends of these crossties E may be made plain, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, or may be ,notched on the bottom, as indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 6, as at G.

The object of notching the ties on their bottom edges is to enable the projection formed by the notching to fit down upon the outside of the inner leg, b, of the chairs and below the slot 0, and thus prevent any possibility of the chair working inwardly upon the tie, which action would tend to draw the lugs D from above the flange of the rail, allowing it to be liberated. In addition to the inner projections, G, due to the notching, outer or end projections, 9, may also be formed, which fit down upon the outside of the outer leg of the chair below' slot 0, as shown in Fig. 1. This would further increase the surety with which the to suit the flanges of different-sized rails, so-

that either edge may be turned up, as required, and the tie has thus a double capacity. These notches e and e are so located that the gage of the rails held thereby will be the same without regard to the differences in the flanges. The other shoulders, G and 9, must also be correspondingly arranged, so as to admit of the shifting of the chairs to suit the smaller or larger flange.

The parts may be put together and taken apart at will, but will remain firmly in connection and hold the rail in place under normal conditions. All complication and loose parts are entirely dispensed with, thereby increasing the desirability of a structure of this nature.

The chairs are placed upon the earth,H,and the stone, slag, or earth, or other ballast, I, is placed under and around the chairs, so as to hold the legs b thereof against any lateral movement, and thereby enable the use of a simple tie-such as shown in Fig. 6-without the least danger to the parts becoming separated. If desired, the ehair may be wholly supported by the loose ballast being packed in around the legs b and under the top plate, or the legs may be forced down into the earth and the ballast crowded in between the legs b and under the top plate, offering a solid foundation and positively holding the chair against any lateral movement. The spreading of the legs b would also offer a resistance to any upward tendency of the chair, from which it is seen that the rail would be firmly held against upward, downward, or lateral movement, the entire structure forming a most durable and effective piece of engineering, and yet is easily replaced, repaired, or removed.

I do not limit myself to any of the minor details, as the invention is not especially dependent upon them.

In the construction shown in Fig. 4 we have a double chair, B, having two notches, G, and two sets of lugs, D, combined with two separate ties or ends thereof fitting said slots C,and in which the one tie and one set of lugs D clamp one end of a rail and the other tie and its set of lugs D clamp the end of the other or adjacent rail, the two ends of said rails being held in line and abutting at a between the ties E E. With such a clamp fish-plates could be dispensed with; but, if desired, a light fishplate may be used, as indicated in dotted lines. The general features of this double chair are subject to the same conditions as those set out when speaking of the single chair and with no further limitation.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of two metallic chairs having vertical slots opening through the upper surface and downwardly-extending legs or supports, rails supported by said chairs, a cross-tie arranged on edge and fitting down into said slots and forming a vertical web on the under side of the chairs, and stone or equivalent ballast packed in around the legs and webs formed by the tie to prevent the chairs from shifting iii any direction.

2. A chair for a railway, consisting of the top or rail supporting part with downwardlyextending supporting parts inclosing a large area of ground, and further being provided with a vertical slot opening through the top of the chair for the tie, and one or more retaining or clamping lugs for the rails.

3. A chair for a railway, consisting of the top part, B, having the downwardly-extending supporting-legs b b,the vertical slot 0 through part B and part of legs I), and one or more lugs, D, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A chair for a railway, consisting of the top part, B, having the downwardly-extending supporting-legs b b,spread apart at the bottom, the vertical slot 0 through part B and part of legs b, and one or more lugs, D, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the rails, the chairs to support said rails, having downwardly-extending legs to rest upon the ground or ballast, also a vertical slot for the cross tie and lugs to fit over the flanges of the rails, and a me tallic cross-tie having notches, into which the rails set, and projections which fit over the flanges of the rails, the said cross-tie being fitted down into the slots in the chairs and under the rails.

6. The combination of the rails, the chairs to support said rails, having downwardly-ex tending legs to rest upon the ground or ballast, also a vertical slot for the cross tie and lugs to fit over the flanges of the rails, a metalliccrosstie having notches into which the rails set, and projections which fit over the flanges of the rails, and also shoulders G the said cross-tie being fitted down into the slots in the chairs and under the rails and the shoulders G g fitted on each side of the legs to prevent longitudinal movement of thetie in the chair.

7. The combination of a metallic chair sup ported directly from the ground or ballast and having a vertical slot opening through the top of the chair, a rail supported on said chair, and a metallic tie having shoulders fitted in the slot of said chair and supported thereby, and in which the shoulders act as locks to prevent longitndinal movement to the tie in the chair. V

8. Two metallic chairs, upon which the two parallel rails respectively rest, in combination with metallic cross ties having their upper and lower edges at each end notched, as at e.

e, to suit rails having different widths of flanges and maintain a fixed gage, the tie being adapted to fit to the chairs with either edge up, as desired. I

9. The combination of the chairs B1, having lugs D, downwardly-extending supporting-legs b, and slots 0, with the rails A, resting upon said chairsiand having their flanges fitting under the lugs D, and the metallic cross-tie E, having the notches 6 near each end and on its edge, into which the rails fit, and the projections F, which fit over the flanges of the rails to hold them in place with the lugs D, the said tie fitting down into the slots 0 in the chairs.

10. The combination ofthe chairs B, having lugs D,downwardly-extending supporting-legs I), spread apart at their lower ends, and slots 0, with the rails A, resting upon said chairs and having their flanges fitting under the lugs D. and the metallic cross-tie E, having the notches e near each end and on its edge, into which the rails fit, and the projections F, which fit over the flanges of the rails to hold them in place with the lugs D, the said tie fitting down into the slots 0 in the chairs, and stone or equivalent ballast packed in around the legs of the chair and tie to support them and prevent lateral displacement.

11. The combination of two abutting rails with a long chair supporting the ends of the rails, and having lugs D fitting over the flanges of the rails and vertical slots for the cross-ties, and the two parallel cross-ties E E, having notches e, and projections F for the rails and fitting down into the slots in the chair.

12. A chair for a rail, made invcrtedU- shaped from stamped sheet-steel, and having the vertical slot C opening through the upper surface, and the lugs D, substantially as shown.

13. In a railway, the combination ol the rail, a metallic chair supporting the rail and supported from the earth or ballast, and having a downwardly-extending leg or extensiomand stone or equivalent ballast packed in around said leg or extension to prevent the chair being displaced laterally, and a locking tie-bar which fits into the chair and detachablylocks the rail to said chairs.

let. The combination of the rail, an invertedU-shaped chair having its ends open and legs spread apart at the bottom and buried in a foundation material, and suitable clamping means to hold the rail to the chair, and a tie-bar which connects with the chair and locks the rail to the chair.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

ENOOH LEWIS TAYLOR.

' "Witnesses:

R. M. HUNTER, B10111). S. CHILD, Jr. 

